Antidiabetic Activity of Pistia strateotes L.Aqueous Extract in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats: doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v3i3.5

Mudassir Lawal; Abdulaziz Suleiman; Nasiruddin U. Matazu; Fatima A. Dawud; Aminu Mohammed; Ismaila  A. Umar

Authors

Mudassir Lawal Department of Biochemistry, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Nigeria.
Abdulaziz Suleiman Department of Biochemistry, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Nigeria.
Nasiruddin U. Matazu Department of Biochemistry, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Nigeria.
Fatima A. Dawud Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Aminu Mohammed Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Ismaila A. Umar Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

Keywords:

Antidiabetic,, Pistia strateotes,, Diabetes,, Rats.

Abstract

Pistia strateotes L. (Araceae) commonly known as water lettuce is used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Nigeria. The present study was designed to validate these antidiabetic claims in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Wister rats (weighing 150-200g) were divided into five groups of seven animals each, three of which were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (160 mg/kg body weight). All rats in the diabetic groups had initial fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels ≥200 mg/dL, but after treatment for three weeks with extract or glibenclamide (0.08 mg/kg body weight), the FBG significantly (p<0.05) reduced by 68.6 and 60.6%, respectively. Diabetes also caused a significant (p<0.05) elevationof serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TG) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and reduction of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol Treatment with P. strateotes extract (p<0.05) reverted these alterations to near normal. The serum levels of urea, creatinine alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total and direct bilirubin were significantly increased above normal in untreated diabetic rats; treatment significantly (p<0.05) prevented these elevations. It is concluded that the aqueous extract of P. strateotes possesses antihyperglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects and ameliorated hepatic and renal alterations in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

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