Antiplasmodial Activity of Lophira lanceolata Tiegh. (Ochnaceae) Leaf Methanol Fractions on Plasmodium berghei in Mice
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v3i2.4
Keywords:
Antimalarial activity,, Lophira lanceolata,, Malaria,, Plasmodium berghei.Abstract
Malaria, which is one of the most important health problems in Nigeria continues to kill millions of people yearly as conventional drugs are inaccessible or unaffordable. This study therefore evaluated the antiplasmodial activity of the methanol extract and fractions of Lophira lanceolata (Ochnaceae) in the in vivo antimalarial suppressive (early infection), curative (established infection) and prophylactic (residual infection) in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. The methanol extract of the leaf of L. lanceolata was fractionated sequentially by column chromatography using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. These fractions were subjected to
phytochemical analysis and in vivo antimalarial suppressive, curative and prophylactic tests performed in mice. The result showed that the 400 mg/kg dose of the n-hexane fraction exhibited a significant (p <0.05) inhibition in established, early and residual infections (85%,16%, 75%) respectively. The methanol fraction (MF) at 400 mg/kg evoked a significant (p<0.05) inhibition of parasitaemia on the residual infection (70%) and established infection (76%). Suppression of parasitaemia was not evident with MF at early infection. The ethylacetate fraction (EF) (400 mg/kg) exhibited a significant (p <0.05) suppression in established infection (93%), early infection (82%) and residual infection (95%) similar to artesunate (5mg/kg) occurring at 86%, 46% and 46% respectively. Taken together, the result of this study showed that the fractions of the methanol leaf extract of L. lanceolata possess promising antimalaria activity and there is potential for isolation of lead compounds.
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