Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea L.) Essential Oil Against AMJ-13 Cancer Cell Line
Keywords:
AMJ-13 cell line, Antioxidant, Clary sage, Cytotoxicity, Salvia sclareaAbstract
Clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) is a valuable medicinal plant. It has a wide range of medicinal properties and is among the species used for essential oil production in several countries. The present study was conducted to investigate the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of clary sage essential oil (CSEO) against cancer cells. AMJ-13 cancer cells were treated with different concentrations (5, 10, 50, 100, or 200 µg/mL) of CSEO, and the control cells were untreated. The cytotoxic effect of the CSEO was evaluated using the MTT assay, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by determining the amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). The results indicated that the CSEO has high cytotoxicity against AMJ-13 cells. The lowest (at 200 µg/mL) and highest (at 5 µg/mL) viability percentages of the AMJ-13 cells were 19 and 95%, respectively. Also, the IC50 value of CSEO was 54.85 µg/mL. It was discovered that CSEO has antioxidant activity and that there was a significant decrease in ROS value (undetected) in the treated cells compared to the control of 0.1395 ng/mL. Also, a significant decrease in the value of CAT enzyme (111.8nmoles/min/million cells) was observed in cells treated with CSEO compared to the control (1637nmoles/min/million cells). Meanwhile, there was no increase in the value of SOD in the CSEO-treated cells, which was equal to the control (undetected). The research findings show that CSEO has cytotoxic and antioxidant properties and that it can be used to target various cancer cell types.
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