Triterpenoid Extraction from Ficus racemosa Leaves: Impact of Key Processing Factors
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Abstract
Ficus racemosa leaves are a rich source of triterpenoids with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. These compounds have potential applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and functional foods. This study aimed to optimize triterpenoid extraction from Ficus racemosa leaves by evaluating the effects of raw material-to-solvent ratio, temperature, and extraction time. The presence of secondary metabolites, including phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids, was analyzed. Extraction efficiency was optimized based on yield and compound stability under different conditions. Ficus racemosa leaves contain various bioactive compounds, with phenolics and saponins being the most abundant. The extraction conditions were a drying temperature of 50°C, a raw material-to-solvent ratio of 1:150, an extraction temperature of 50°C, and an extraction time of 60 minutes, ensuring maximum triterpenoid yield without degradation. This study provides a basis for efficient triterpenoid extraction from Ficus racemosa leaves, supporting their potential applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and functional foods.
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