Chemical Constituents, In Vitro Antibacterial Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Marrubium vulgare L. Leaves
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i4.12
Keywords:
M. Vulgare L., Essential oils, Chemical composition, Antibacterial, Antioxidant activityAbstract
Aromatic and medicinal plants contain important bioactive compounds with many interesting biological activities, and Morocco is considered among the countries rich in this kind of plants. In this study, the chemical composition of essential oils of M. vulgare L. leaves growing in Morocco was investigated using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography coupled with flame-ionization detector (GC-FID). These essential oils were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against five pathogenic bacteria: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antioxidant activity was evaluated via free radical scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The results revealed the presence of thirty-three volatile compounds in the essential oils and the composition consists mainly of monoterpenes: α-Pinene (33.91%), 3-carene (8.68%), camphene (4.31%), β-myrcene (2.66%), longifolene (2.49%), and sesquiterpene like cadinol (5.86%). The essential oils exhibited an interesting antibacterial activity, where the inhibition zones for the bacterial strains, were in the range 8.00 ± 0.56 and 34.00 ± 0.05 mm, also, the essential oils revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging between 0.1 and 0.65 mg/mL. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity, showed that the essential oils gave IC50 = 108.75 ± 1.8 µg/mL, which was lower compared to BHT (IC50 = 7.71 ± 0.51 µg/mL), and ascorbic acid (IC50 = 1.16 ± 0.29 µg/mL) in DPPH method, and a total antioxidant capacity of 218.42 ± 8.67 mg EAA/g. The essential oils of vulgare L. can be used as sources of antioxidant and antibacterial activity.
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