In vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potentials of Extracts of the Stem Bark of Cylicodiscus gabunensis (Harms) Mimosaceae
http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i11.19
Keywords:
Acarbose, α-amylase, Antioxidant activity, Antidiabetic activity, Cylicodiscus gabunensisAbstract
The study evaluated the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of extracts of Cylicodiscus gabunensis (CG) by in vitro assay methods. The powdered plant material was successively extracted to yield n-hexane extract (CG-HX), ethyl acetate extract (CG-EA), and methanol extract (CG-ME), respectively. The crude extract (CG-TE) was separately obtained from methanol. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, steroids, and reducing sugars. The total phenolic content (TPC) was highest in the CG-ME (122.559 mg GAE/g extract), followed by CG-TE (121.913 mg GAE/g extract), while the total flavonoids content (TFC) was highest in the CG-EA extract (159.351 mg QE/g). The percentage DPPH free radical scavenging assay shows that the potency of the CG-EA extract (95.4±0.40 %) was comparable to ascorbic acid (96.22±0.692 %), p˂0.05. In the ferric powerreducing antioxidant assay, CG-TE (2.246±0.1796) and CG-ME (2.140±0.1227) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared to others. The extracts significantly inhibited α-Amylase and glucose uptake in yeast cells in the in vitro study. This inhibitory potential was concentration-dependent with crude methanol extract (CG-TE) showing comparable inhibitory potency with Acarbose (45.7%) at 0.05 mg/mL but 40.10% at 4.00 g/mL as against 51.27 % for Acarbose. Similarly, CG-TE was more potent than metronidazole, with percentage glucose uptake inhibitory potency of 50.13% and 76.465% at concentrations of 0.05 mg/mL and 4.00 mg/mL, respectively. We conclude that the plant extracts possess significant antidiabetic activity, which correlated with the antioxidant effects and could be further investigated for use in
managing diabetes and related diseases.
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