Biotypology of Yeast in Soils Polluted by Hydrocarbons in Fez-Meknes Region, Morocco
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i9.13
Keywords:
Yeasts, soils, hydrocarbons, biotypology, MoroccoAbstract
The soil, in general, is subject to contamination by various organic pollutants, including hydrocarbon discharges from storage tank spills or leaking pipes between the tanks and the hydrocarbon pumping islands punctually or accidentally. The ecological effects of this pollution on these ecosystems can have consequences on the composition and diversity of the microbial community. Yeasts are among the microorganisms considered sensitive to this contamination and reflect well the changes in environmental conditions. The objective of this work is to carry out a biotypological study of yeasts in soils contaminated by hydrocarbons. For this purpose, samples were taken from 12 sites covering a diversity of habitats in the Fez-Meknes region with very different pedological and climatic characteristics. A granulometric, physico-chemical, and biological characterization of the soil samples was carried out, and the data were evaluated using statistical methods. The microbiological characterization of the various samples revealed that the density of yeasts in the polluted soils varied from 5.2 to 32.5 x 104 cells g-1. Furthermore, the results showed that yeast biodiversity is significantly correlated with the organic matter, Ca2+, and Na2+ contents of the soils tested. Similarly, a correlation was found with the type of sandy soil. Of the 86 yeast strains isolated, 49% were identified as belonging to the genus Rhodothorula and represents the most dominant genus, followed by Candida (17%), Rhodosporudium (15%), Pichia (10%), Trichosporon (8%), and Exophiala (1%). This study provided a clear indication of the ecological niche of yeast in hydrocarbon-polluted soils.
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