Comparative Phytochemical and Biological Analyses of commercial Green Tea Products Marketed in Dhaka, Bangladesh
http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i12.16
Keywords:
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic activity, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Green teaAbstract
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a "non-fermented" tea popular worldwide attributed to its pleasing flavor and beneficial impact on human health. Commercially available green tea products differ in their quality, constituents and health benefits which can be attributed to the variations in the processing methods, geographical factors, and plant parts used. This study aims to compare the phytochemical constituents and biological activity of four commercial green tea brands of Bangladesh (GTE1-4). Methanolic extracts of four marketed green tea products were employed in this study. The functional groups and characteristic peaks of the known chemical entities were determined by IR and 1D-NMR spectroscopy, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) technique was utilized for the quantitative determination of caffeine and other volatile substances. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were assessed using the (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH free radical scavenging assay and the disc diffusion method, respectively. Finally, the products were tested for their potential cytotoxic effects. Caffeine, gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and quinic acid were identified as the major constituents in the qualitative phytochemical analyses. GTE-1 contained the highest concentration of 1,2,3-benzenetriol while caffeine was the most abundant in GTE-2 (96.16%). Majority of the samples exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at 1000 µg/mL concentration. Sample GTE-1 exhibited a positive cytotoxic effect at 500 µg/mL concentration when tested on HeLa cells. Taken together, the results indicate that methanol extracts of green tea in different commercial products can differ considerably.
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