Prophylactic Anti-Ulcer Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of <i>Mormodica foetida</i> (Schumach & Thonn) Against Indomethacin-Induced Ulcers in Wistar Rats

http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i11.30

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) remains a global health concern affecting millions worldwide, with significant morbidity and mortality. The limitations and side effects of existing treatments necessitate exploring alternative remedies. Momordica foetida, a traditional plant with reported medicinal properties, holds the potential for antiulcer activity due to its phytochemical constituents. This study evaluated the prophylactic anti-ulcer effects of the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Momordica foetida using an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Aqueous leaf extract of Momordica foetida was administered at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, while omeprazole served as a standard anti-ulcer drug. Ulcer index, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological changes were assessed. Aqueous leaf extract of Momordica foetida exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in ulcer index, with the 500 mg/kg dose offering superior protection. Indomethacin-induced ulceration was linked to oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant enzyme activity. Microscopic analysis revealed improved gastric mucosa in the aqueous leaf extract of Momordica foetida-treated rats, especially at 500 mg/kg. The study highlights the significant antiulcer potential of Momordica foetida, supporting its traditional use. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence suggesting the therapeutic value of natural remedies like Momordica foetida in managing peptic ulcers.