Evaluation of Proximate, Mineral, Anti-Nutrients and Phytochemical Constituents of Indigenous Beans (Cajanus cajan, Sphenostylis stenocarpa and Phaseolus lunatus)
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v4i10.29
Keywords:
Phaseolus lunatus, Sphenostylisstenocarpa, Cajanus cajan, Phytochemical, Nutritional contentsAbstract
The rate of neglect of local beans due to lack of relevant information about their nutritional and medicinal values cannot be over-emphasized. This study aimed to determine the nutritional, phytochemical and anti-nutrient contents of three indigenous beans (Cajanus cajan, Sphenostylis stenocarpa, and Phaseolus lunatus). Nutritional, phytochemical and anti-nutrient contents of the
beans were determined. Data were analysed using statistical analysis system. Results showed that fat (1.46±0.01 mg/100g), moisture (12.71±0.02 mg/100g) and carbohydrate (58.04±0.37 mg/100g) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in C. cajan seeds. Crude fibre (16.91±0.05 mg/100g) and ash (6.41±0.01 mg/100g) were significantly higher in S. stenocarpa as well as crude protein (26.93±0.04 mg/100g) in P. lunatus seeds. Also, potassium (1393.07±1.53 mg/100g), phosphorus (396.71±0.49 mg/100g) and zinc (2.77±0.01 mg/100g) were significantly higher in C. cajan seeds while iron (6.44±0.02 mg/100g), magnesium (189.77±0.06 mg/100g) and copper (2.33±0.01 mg/100g) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in S. stenocarpa seeds. Vitamin A (0.11±0.00 mg/100g) was significantly higher in S. stenocarpa seeds, Vitamin B (0.65±0.00 mg/100g) in C. cajan while higher quantity of Vitamin C (23.73±0.02 mg/100g) was
recorded in P. lunatus seeds. Also, tannin (2.72±0.02 mg/100g) and oxalate (0.89±0.00 mg/100g) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in P. lunatus seeds. In addition, alkaloids (14.04±0.01 mg/100g), flavonoids (1.59 ± 0.00 mg/100), steroids (0.42±0.00 mg/100g) and phenol (2.44±0.00 mg/100g) were significantly higher in P. lunatus seeds. In conclusion, C. cajan, S. stenocarpa, and P. lunatus are rich in nutritional and phytochemical contents therefore, consumption of the beans is encouraged.
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