Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Alkaloid Fractions of Tristemma hirtum P. Beauv
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v4i4.10
Keywords:
Tristemma hirtum, alkaloid fractions,, antioxidant activity,, antimicrobial activityAbstract
Tristemma hirtum is a medicinal plant used in Nigerian traditional medicine to treat various diseases. In this study, the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of alkaloid fractions from organs of T. hirtum was evaluated. The antioxidant activity of the alkaloid fractions was evaluated by measuring its 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activity. Also, the metal chelating and reducing power of the fractions was evaluated. Antibacterial activity was determined by the agar well diffusion method against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus,
Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonela typhi and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluated by the broth microdilution technique. In the antioxidant assay, the alkaloid fractions exhibited significant antioxidant activity. The root alkaloid fraction exhibited pronounced DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity and metal chelating potential with IC50 values of 19.34, 26.02 and 12.01 µg/mL, respectively. The stem alkaloid fraction exhibited high H2O2 scavenging activity (IC50 = 17.46 µg/mL), while the leaf alkaloid fraction demonstrated the optimum reducing power (IC50 = 20.04 µg/mL). The alkaloid fractions exerted remarkable antibacterial activity against the test organisms and MIC values ranged from 0.09 to 2.28 mg/mL, with S. aureus and B. subtilis as the most susceptible. The results highlighted that alkaloid fractions from T. hirtum may serve as natural sources of
antioxidant and antibacterial leads and lend support to its use in traditional medicine.
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