In vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Coleus atropurpureus Leaves Extract and Fractions doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i1.8
Main Article Content
Abstract
Inflammation is a normal body response to injury. However, inflammation also contributes to
the progression of various diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, asthma, obesity, and
rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, the discovery of antiinflammatory agents remains chalenging.
Medicinal plant is a potential source of drug discovery, including for antiinflammatory agents.
One of the medicinal plants traditionally used for treating inflammatory diseases is Coleus
atropurpureus. This study evaluated the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of Coleus
atropurpureus leaves extract and its fractions. Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: negative
control (solvent treatment), positive control (Diclofenac 9 mg/kg BW), ethanol extract (EE), n
hexane fraction (HF), and ethanol-water fraction (EWF). The extract and fractions were given at
the same dose (45 mg/kg BW) 6 h prior to the induction of inflammation using carrageenan.
Thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis was done to identify the chemical components of the
extract and fractions. The ethanol extract (EE), n-hexane fraction (HF), and ethanol-water
fraction (EWF) reduced paw oedema thickness by 23.66, 19.01, and 20.80%, respectively,
compared to the negative control. TLC analysis revealed the difference in the phytochemical
content of the fractions. The HF mainly contained terpenoids, whereas the EFW contained
flavonoids. This study demonstrated that EE, HF, and EWF of C. atropurpureus leaves have
antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats.
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