In vitro Cytotoxic Potential of Sterculia quadrifida Leaf Extract Against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i8.12
Keywords:
Breast cancer,, Cytotoxic,, Leaf extract,, MTT assay,, Sterculia quadrifidaAbstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women worldwide. The main treatments for breast cancer are surgery and chemotherapy, but the medications used are associated with several side effects. Sterculia quadrifida R. Br is traditionally used by the people of East Nusa Tenggara as a medicinal plant to treat various diseases. This study was conducted to determine the potential of the ethanol fraction of S. quadrifida leaf extract as an anti-breast cancer agent. Human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T47D, 4T1, MDA-MB-231, and Vero) were obtained for the study. An ethanol solvent (80%) was employed to extract the leaves of S. quadrifida using the maceration method. The S. quadrifida leaf extract was then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol with a liquid-liquid partition. An in vitro cytotoxicity assay was conducted on the MCF-7, T47D, 4T1, MDA-MB-231, and Vero cells using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of the S. quadrifida leaf extract exhibited considerable cytotoxic activity in T47D and 4T1 breast cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 19.86 ± 3.48 and 16.70 ±3.33 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the n-hexane fraction had the highest activity in MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 33.78 ± 7.82 μg/mL. The findings of this study revealed that the leaves of S. quadrifida have the potential to act as a cytotoxic agent on breast cancer cells.
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